Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1:

Anemia of chronic disease is characterized primarily by the following ____ .

A) Decreased availability of iron

B) Relatively decreased levels of erythropoietin

C) Mild decrease in the lifespan of RBCs to 70-80 days (normally 120 days)

D) All of the above

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 2:

_________ in hepcidin level in the course of inflammatory disease may be a significant mediator of the accompanying anemia.

A) Increase

B) Decrease

C) Normal

D) None of the above

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 3:

The severity of anemia of CKD is directly related to the degree of loss of ________ function, as the _______ is/are responsible for approximately 90% of erythropoietin production. (select correct combination choice).

A) Liver, Kidneys

B) Kidney, Kidneys

C) Liver, Liver

D) Kidney, Liver

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 4:

Blacks have more than 3-fold increased risk of developing CKD relative to whites but also an increased prevalence of anemia.

A) True

B) False

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 5:

__________________ points to increased RBC destruction or hemolysis as the most likely cause of anemia.

A) A low reticulocyte count

B) An increase RBC production

C) An elevated reticulocyte count

D) None of the above

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 6:

In individuals with advanced stages of CKD, the etiology of anemia tends to be multifactorial and include the following:

A) Decreased RBC production due to lack of erythropoietin and iron deficiency

B) Increased RBC destruction due to hemolysis (intravascular or extravascular)

C) Increased blood loss due to multiple venipunctures for an array of indications

D) All of the above

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 7:

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advises clinicians to consider starting ESA treatment for patients with CKD when the hemoglobin level is less than __________ .

A) 13 g/dL

B) 12 g/dL

C) 11 g/dL

D) 10 g/dL

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 8:

Long-term treatment with ESAs has been associated with _______________ .

A) Increased systemic blood pressure

B) Decreased systemic blood pressure

C) Occurrence of seizures

D) A & C

E) B & C

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 9:

The most common cause of ESA resistance is ________________ .

A) Vitamin B deficiency

B) Vitamin C deficiency

C) Iron deficiency

D) Folic Acid deficiency

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 10:

HIF-PH inhibitors improve iron mobilization to the bone marrow and induce considerably lower but more consistent blood erythropoietin levels than ESAs.

A) True

B) False

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 11:

Iron therapy should be considered in patients with CKD whose transferrin saturation (TSAT) is ___________ .

A) ≤ 60%

B) ≤ 30%

C) ≤ 40%

D) ≤ 50%

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 12:

Hypoxia is the most potent stimulus to the production of erythropoietin by the kidneys.

A) True

B) False

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 13:

For CKD patients who require iron supplementation, oral iron is generally recommended, as oral iron consistently achieves higher TSAT and ferritin values than IV iron.

A) True

B) False

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 14:

Current guidelines recommend against use of iron products when ferritin is 500 ng/mL or greater.

A) True

B) False

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Anemia of Chronic Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 15:

The prevalence of anemia of CKD is also greater in those older than ______________ .

A) 30 years

B) 40 years

C) 50 years

D) 60 years

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