Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 1:

The incidence of dysphagia is more common after brainstem stroke or bilateral hemispheric stroke.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 2:

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in patient with Parkinson disease is classified as ____________.

A) Neurological

B) Muscular

C) Anatomical

D) None of the above

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 3:

Instrumental procedures are the only method that provides visualization of swallowing physiology and laryngeal, pharyngeal, and upper esophageal anatomy, which help diagnose dysphagia.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 4:

The _________ is also known as the modified barium swallow study and is a radiographic procedure used to gain further information regarding dysphagia.

A) Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES)

B) Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS)

C) AnatomicalUltrasonography

D) All of the above

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 5:

Contraindications for an instrumental exam include ___________.

A) The patient is not medically stable enough to participate in the procedure.

B) The patient is severely agitated, unable to remain alert, or unable to follow simple commands.

C) The patient has anatomical deviations (e.g., head/neck, digestive tract) that preclude use of barium or use of an endoscopy.

D) All of the above

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 6:

The VFSS is used to determine about the following aspect of aspiration, EXCEPT:

A) Presence

B) Timing

C) Viscosity

D) Amount

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 7:

The VFSS is not contradicted in patient with fistula (e.g., Tracheoesophageal fistula).

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 8:

The following are contraindications specific to Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES).

A) Severe bleeding disorders and/or recent severe epistaxis (nose bleed)

B) History of recent trauma to the nasal cavity or surrounding tissue and structures secondary to surgery or injury

C) Bilateral obstruction of the nasal passages

D) All of the above

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 9:

Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) is indicated in Patients (e.g., Patients on ventilators, patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO]) who are unable to leave the bedside because of mobility and/or postural deficits.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 10:

The primary goals of dysphagia intervention include all, EXCEPT:

A) Support adequate nutrition and hydration and return to oral intake.

B) Determine the optimum supports (e.g., Posture, or assistance) to reduce patient and caregiver burden while maximizing the patient’s quality of life.

C) Reduce the healthcare cost and hospital stay.

D) Develop a treatment plan to improve the safety and efficiency of the swallow.

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 11:

________________ are designed to create lasting change in an individual’s swallowing over time by improving underlying physiological function.

A) Rehabilitative techniques (such as exercises)

B) Compensatory techniques

C) Biofeedback

D) Electrical Stimulation

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 12:

Compensatory techniques alter the swallow when used but do not create lasting functional change.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 13:

To perform an _______, the patient is instructed to swallow hard while pushing hard with the tongue against the hard palate.

A) Mendelsohn maneuver

B) Effortful swallow

C) Supraglottic swallow

D) Super-supraglottic swallow

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 14:

_______________ redirect the movement of the bolus in the oral cavity and pharynx and modify pharyngeal dimensions.

A) Postural techniques

B) Pacing and Feeding Strategies

C) Swallowing Exercises

D) Equipment/Environmental Modifications

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 15:

Most patients with stroke will regain their swallowing function within __________ after infarction.

A) 1 to 2 days

B) 1 to 2 weeks

C) 1 to 2 months

D) 1 to 2 years

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 16:

In this swallowing exercise the patient holds the tongue forward between the teeth while swallowing; this is performed without food or liquid in the mouth, to prevent coughing or choking.

A) Laryngeal elevation

B) Shaker exercise, head-lifting exercises

C) Masako or tongue-hold

D) Resistive lingual isometric exercises

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 17:

Postural techniques may be appropriate to use with patients with neurological impairments, head and neck cancer resections, and other structure damage.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 18:

__________________ can be used to normalize pressure and movement in the intraoral cavity by providing compensation or physical support for patients with structural deficits/damage to the oropharyngeal mechanism.

A) Prosthetics (e.g., palatal obturator, palatal lift prosthesis)

B) Postural/Position Techniques

C) Pacing and Feeding Strategies

D) All of the above

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 19:

Mechanical obstruction is associated with dysphagia only to solid food, while motility disorder causes are usually associated with solid and liquid dysphagia.

A) True

B) False

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Assessment and Management of Adults with Dysphagia

Question 20:

Signs and symptoms of dysphagia include __________.

A) Food or liquid remaining in the oral cavity after the swallow

B) Food or liquid remaining in the oral cavity after the swallow

C) Complaints of pain when swallowing

D) Food and/or liquids leaking from the nasal cavity

E) All of the above

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